Your guitar will play differently with these new strings. If the action is really low, you may encounter fret buzz where there was none before. Also, the increased tension of the strings due to the heavier guage may increase the relief in the neck, causing the action to rise.

If you are very particular about your setup (which many guitarists are), you might want to stick with a set of strings that match exactly the sizes you are currently using. What you could experiment with are the type of metal (bronze, phospor bronze, coated, uncoated, etc) rather than gauge.

Everybody runs into this at some point. Years ago, I bought a set of strings for my strat that I thought were the right ones - a set of 9's. I put them on and my bridge was sticking way up from the body and the action was terrible. Looking more closely at the package, I realized I had bought "heavy bottom" strings, which have regular treble strings but heavier gauge bass strings. Never made that mistake again :-).